With the rapid development of underground commercial buildings in China, the fire rescue work of underground commercial buildings should also attract increasing attention. It is necessary to make necessary preparations on the basis of daily safety precautions.

　　Underground commercial buildings are personnel-intensive places. To do a good job of fire rescue for underground commercial construction, it is necessary to explore the basic characteristics of underground fires and specific implementation plans for underground fire rescues. 

　　1. Fire characteristics of underground commercial buildings

 　　(1) The fire hazard is greater

 　　The underground is a relatively closed space, and the danger of underground fire is much higher than that of above-ground buildings, because the dense smoke caused by underground fires can cause great casualties, and it is difficult to fight underground fires, especially with the rapid development of underground buildings in China The increase in the number of underground buildings has made it more difficult to fight underground fires, and the losses caused have multiplied. First of all, the increase in underground levels means that the difficulty of fire fighting has doubled. According to the statistics of the fire department, the incidence of underground fires is 4 times that of underground buildings, and the mortality rate of underground fires is 6 times that of underground buildings. The economic loss of underground buildings is also usually Up to 3 times the fire on the ground. Secondly, the environment of underground places is becoming more and more complex. Underground buildings are mostly commercial, accommodation and catering facilities. Once a fire occurs, it will cause greater casualties.

 　　(2) Large fire smoke

 　　The most direct feature of underground fires is the large amount of smoke. Due to the increasingly complex characteristics of underground buildings, the function and environment of underground buildings determine that underground fires often produce large amounts of smoke. In addition, the underground environment is too closed and underground The smoke is not smooth and there are relatively few underground entrances and exits, which makes the underground smoke emission rate low. The dense smoke caused by underground fires is often an important reason for the failure of the fire. The smoke propagation speed of underground fire is usually 1 m/s, and the underground visibility distance is only within 5 meters. 

　　(3) Difficulty in evacuation

 　　The evacuation of underground fires is more difficult. Due to the difficulty of evacuation, underground fires often cause more serious casualties. First of all, the underground space is relatively closed and the entrances and exits of the underground buildings are limited, which makes it easy to cause congestion during emergency evacuation underground, thus affecting the escape speed of the underground space. Secondly, the underground space is too confined, and the necessary lighting is usually lacking in the case of power failure, which makes it relatively more difficult to escape from the underground space. Third, the underground space environment is more complex, the underground space pattern changes a lot and there are no windows, which makes it more difficult to escape from the underground space. Fourth, the complex conditions of the underground space make search and rescue work difficult. It is not only unfavorable for rescuers to grasp the specific situation, but also for firefighters to identify the fire situation in time and conduct rescue operations. It not only prolongs the search and rescue time, but also leads to casualties. The sharp rise. 

　　(4) Fighting is difficult

 　　Fire fighting in underground space is more difficult. Because the underground space is dark and difficult for people to enter and exit, it is difficult to fight fire in underground space. First of all, it is relatively difficult for firefighters to enter the underground fire site. Because the flow direction of smoke is the same as the evacuation direction of the flow of people, but is opposite to the direction of entering the fire site, it makes it more difficult for firefighters to enter the fire site. Secondly, because the underground space is relatively closed, the temperature of the underground fire site is relatively high, and it is relatively difficult to fight the underground fire affected by the high temperature. Third, the communication between the underground and the underground is not smooth, and various communication signals are relatively weak, which is not conducive to the fire rescue personnel to grasp the situation of the fire scene, which makes the difficulty of fire rescue continuously increasing. 

　　(5) Flashover phenomenon 

　　Underground commercial building fires are prone to flashover. First of all, underground commercial buildings also use a lot of building decoration materials, which are all flammable and explosive. Secondly, if the burning time of the field is relatively long, plus the poor heat removal capacity of the underground commercial building fire field, the underground fire field will easily accumulate a large amount of heat. Third, underground commercial building fire accidents are prone to short-term explosion and combustion, and the flashover occurs earlier than the above-ground building phenomenon, and the damage caused is relatively greater than that of the above-ground building. 

　　(6) Many pipelines

 　　The underground space is not only a densely populated space, but also a gathering space for pipelines and lines. Various pipelines and facilities will gather here. This makes all kinds of electrical circuits and gas lines may become new fire spots, and severely endanger municipal trunk lines. If the pipeline is not handled properly, it may not only become a source of danger, but also may cause greater losses in a fire accident, resulting in a second fire accident.

 　　2. Fire Fighting and Rescue of Underground Commercial Buildings

 　　(1) Improve the fire extinguishing system

 　　The fire-fighting and disaster relief work of underground commercial buildings should also follow the basic principles of fire-fighting work. On the basis of improving the fire-fighting emergency system, it must effectively extinguish the initial fire and provide good conditions for fire-fighting and rescue. First of all, underground commercial buildings should strengthen the preparation of fire-fighting systems, and should be equipped with basic fire-fighting appliances, as well as necessary full-time and part-time firefighters and automatic fire-extinguishing facilities. Secondly, on-site personnel should be familiar with the operating principles of fire-fighting equipment, be able to extinguish the initial fire, and have a skilled drill in the fire-fighting plan, and the on-site personnel can be evacuated according to the fire-fighting plan. Third, report to the police in time, and provide convenient conditions for fire-fighting vehicles to enter and exit the fire scene, and carry out necessary traffic control in order to provide favorable conditions for fire-fighting rescue. 

　　(2) Strengthen fire detection capabilities

 　　In order to do a good job in fire fighting and rescue work in underground fire sites, the specific conditions of the fire site must be ascertained in a timely and accurate manner. Therefore, necessary fire site reconnaissance work should be done. After an underground building fire accident occurs, the fire site reconnaissance work should be carried out first. First of all, firefighters should get in touch with the people trapped in the fire site as soon as possible, and collect information about the fire site as much as possible. Secondly, get the detailed file information of the fire site as soon as possible, communicate with the person in charge of the commercial building as soon as possible, and carry out fire fighting and rescue work in accordance with the predetermined fire rescue plan under the guidance of the specific plan. Third, professionals should be dispatched into the fire site to conduct reconnaissance and rescue operations based on in-depth understanding of the situation.

 　　(3) Strengthen smoke exhaust

 　　When a fire accident occurs in an underground commercial building, emergency smoke exhaust measures should be taken quickly, so as to effectively prevent greater casualties. First of all, it is necessary to strengthen the smoke control work in the fire area, ensure that the relevant smoke exhaust facilities and equipment are started, and ensure that the smoke and heat can be effectively dissipated out of the underground commercial area. Secondly, to make full use of the smoke outlet and the smoke exhaust channel to exhaust smoke, the correct method of exhaust smoke should be used under the guidance of firefighters, so as to effectively prevent the spread of fire.

 　　(4) Comprehensive utilization of fire-fighting facilities

 　　In order to speed up the rescue work on the spot, put out the fire in time, and rescue the trapped people and property, the necessary comprehensive rescue work should be carried out in conjunction with the existing fire-fighting facilities of the underground commercial building. First of all, pay attention to combining with the painting system of underground commercial buildings for rescue, and timely turn on fixed equipment for fire fighting and rescue. Secondly, if the existing facilities and equipment cannot well control the spread of the fire, the shutter doors should be opened, while ensuring that the overall structure of the building is not affected.

 　　3. Conclusion

 　　Underground commercial buildings are crowded with people, the fire hazard is relatively large, and rescue is difficult. To do a good job in underground commercial building fire rescue work, we should also strengthen daily publicity and education work, timely popularize fire safety knowledge, and continue to refine safety according to the actual situation. Fire prevention plan, etc.